About 80% of the US market is held by 4 airlines. The European one is more fragmented - with the involvement of governments, unions, bilateral agreements etc.
Major realignments and mergers are probable - in the aftermath of Flybe's demise, and Norwegian losing 70% of its market value.
Those with strong capital ratios will benefit - IAG, Ryanair and EasyJet, for example. Those highly leveraged will feel the wrath of Coranavirus.
With routes being regularly cancelled - those vulnerable include Aer France-KLM, Lufthansa, SAS and Alitalia. Adaptability is key now - and these entities have little.
Even Virgin is being forced to use its Heathrow slots, with virtually empty planes - just to protect these valuable assets, which are lost when unutilised.